LDL Cholesterol (LDL)

What is LDL Cholesterol?

LDL (low-density lipoprotein) cholesterol is often called “bad” cholesterol because it carries cholesterol from the liver to tissues, potentially depositing it in artery walls. When LDL particles become oxidized, they contribute to atherosclerotic plaque formation.

Why is it Tested?

Doctors measure LDL cholesterol to assess cardiovascular disease risk and guide treatment decisions. It’s the primary target for cholesterol-lowering therapy, as reducing LDL levels significantly decreases heart attack and stroke risk.

Normal Ranges

ATP III guidelines for LDL cholesterol:

Optimal: <100 mg/dL
Near optimal: 100–129 mg/dL
Borderline high: 130–159 mg/dL
High: 160–189 mg/dL
Very high: ≥190 mg/dL

Target levels depend on individual cardiovascular risk factors and existing heart disease.

Reference ranges vary by authority. Track yours across multiple standards with automatic unit conversions in LabsVault.

What do Abnormal Results Mean?

Abnormal results are not a diagnosis. Always discuss your results with a qualified healthcare provider before making any medical decisions.

Low LDL Cholesterol

Very low levels may indicate:

Effective statin therapy
Malnutrition or malabsorption
Liver disease
Hyperthyroidism

High LDL Cholesterol

Elevated levels suggest:

Increased cardiovascular disease risk
Familial hypercholesterolemia
Diet high in saturated fats
Insulin resistance
Hypothyroidism

How to Track Over Time

LDL cholesterol responds to dietary changes, exercise, and medications. Tracking trends helps optimize cardiovascular risk reduction strategies and medication dosing. Consistent lowering over time correlates with reduced cardiovascular events in clinical studies.

LDL Cholesterol